THOUGHTS ON TRI-COLOURS
Dorothy Johnson

(Quotes taken from:- Enos Phillips --THE POINTER AND HIS ANCIENT HERITAGE)

(Ch 2 pg 21 from Phillips' book) "At the very beginning I wish to state that I have no patience with statements emanating from any source that the Pointer was descended from the hound. Buffon alone suggests the possibility of a common ancestor, and even this suggestion might be altered in light of the Mendel theory. Statements by authors of some of our early dog books credited the English Pointer's development to a hound pointer cross is absurd and both Arkwright and Rawdon Lee explode this theory."
"To accuse probably the greatest of all Pointers, Price's Bang of being heavy in hound blood (tri-color and coat of two lengths) is an admission of ignorance in light of the facts. To attach a stigma (coat of two lengths) to Alford's John is only possible if one is intent on ignoring the evidence which I will present."

Reaching the time of Thornton several things can be proven--that he did his share of crossing, not at all wrong in those years, since most men did as much to try to achieve better dogs for any use--that his dogs carried the coat of two lengths and often three colors,---that his dogs became well stablized in quality and type, so that when his kennel closed his remaining dogs entered the kennels of Thomas Webb Edge, of Strelly. Mr Edge did not discard the tri-color, nor the coat of two lengths, but he did weed out black, lemon, or orange, keeping liver on white dogs, which he became known for. May the reader keep this in mind as we move forward in time, as proof of why we still today get a coat of two lengths and tri-colored dogs.

When Thornton's dogs entered the Edge of Strelly breeding line, Mr Edge sought Pointers with intense style and superb nose, and valued this blood line to go forward with. The Edge line was probably not the only line of distinction in England, but we, here, have no records to tell who else had good dogs at that time. Mr Edge kept adequate records to pass on to his successors who are listed below. The auction of his dogs following his death sent many of these breeders to the auction to bring home at least one dog. Lord Pilkington sent over records behind the dogs he sold to American sportsmen. His records go 8 and 9 generations back to the Edge dogs they all bought at the auction. This indeed is to us a treasure to have and use, for it made possible all the pedigree charts which go back to Edge, with proof as to who owned each dog. If not for George Pilkington being that thorough, diligent, and generous in his records sent, we would know nothing from the years before registry. What we learned from these pedigrees is that all of our early imports carry back to Edge, therefore champions made from these same imports go back to Edge.

By the time we reached the "FOUR PILLARS" -HAMLET,DRAKE, BOUNCE AND MAJOR- there is now a breed, even if dogs varied in color, size, bulk, and looks. It is rather interesting that Mr Arkwright did not include BROCKTON'S BOUNCE in his considerations for merit in the other Pillars. Should we imagine it was because Bounce was the grandsire to Bang, who was certain to be crossed with Foxhound, and Bounce went back to the Edge of Strelly dogs with that surprising third color, but then so did Hamlet go back to Edge, through Lang's Fan and Lang's Frank, so it would have been possible for Hamlet to carry the third color also. Since Drake and Major seem to be far removed from Bang in breeding, he apparently felt comfortable with them but they too went back to Edge, and carried the color potential. We are inclined to think that since Bang was a dog built with the heavy structure carried by Bounce, the liver and white color, it was easier for Mr Arkwright to associate Bounce with Bang, who was mighty different than Hamlet.

(Phillips) "To accuse probably the greatest of all Pointers, Price's Bang of being heavy in hound blood (tri-color and coat of two lengths) is an admission of ignorance in light of the facts. To attach a stigma (coat of two lengths) to Alford's John is only possible if one is intent on ignoring the evidence which I will present."
"At that time the greatest Pointers ever known were in Devonshire and to Arkwright the greatest stigma one could apply was to term them houndy. In his work were two notable omissions. First his statement that he suspected the get of all tri-colored pointers because none of the early writers mentioned them, and second his careful omission of Thornton's reference to the Duke of Hamilton's half breed---both carefully omitted to strengthen his case."

(Pg 33 of Phillips) In the February 1943 issue of Dog World (American) Dr GD Blair (Black Fells knls) writing under the heading of Tri-Colored Pointers, stated---"There is a general admission that the Spanish Pointer was crossed with Foxhound to develop the present day Pointer in England. It is widespread that more hound blood has been injected recently, (in America), say within the last 15-30 years. No old time Pointer breeder that I have talked to has advocated the acceptance of tri-color in Pointers and that all tri-color pups should be destroyed at once"
"To me (Phillips) this is a ridiculous statement. I owned my first Pointer in 1894 or 95. Since that time I have had a great many, and in the past have had some forty in my kennels at one time. The best bird dogs I have owned stemmed from Comanche Frank and showed the golden cheek markings, hallmark of the famous Webb Edge strain. Price's Bang, who founded what is today the only strain of pointers either here or in England which can match their ancestors in form and performance." (Dorothy's note---Methinks Mr Phillips should stick to his own side of the Atlantic on this particular point, lest he create an international rift as to which lines of descent are the best)

(back to Phillips) "Arkwright in his work questioned the blood of dogs of such markings. He gave as his chief reason that no one mention was made of them in the old books. He, like others, omitted certain evidence. His marvellous book was influenced by his apparent dislike of the dogs of Devonshire with their golden cheek markings and what he wrote injured their reputation."
"In Cynographia Britannica 1805 Sydenham Edwards writes this of the Spanish Pointer---"Head, large indent between the eyes, ears thin, loose and hanging down, of moderate length, coat short and smooth, color dark brown, or liver and white, red and white, black, black and white, sometimes tanned about the face and eyes, and often thickly speckled with small spots on white ground, tail smooth and wiry"

(back to Phillips pg 34) "Sydney Gilpin painted Colonel Thornton's Pointers about 1800 and in several instances showed dogs with gold cheek marks. Thornton's dogs, we are told by Lee, formed the basic blood of the Webb Edge strain. Fernley in 1824 painted Ben Marshall and his Black Pointer showing tan cheek markings. Henry Aiken about 1835 painted excellent Pointers showing the tan or golden markings. Notwithstanding Mr Arwright to the contrary, these are the facts."

(Phillips pg 35) "In our time it should be noted that a marked characteristic of the breed is the gold cheek markings which were in evidence in the Bang strain. One, Jingo, was so marked and many famous dogs of the Bang strain have been thus marked and they were all great dogs on game."

(Phillips pg 36) "Arkwright was, as his work shows, a sincere student , and his conclusion relative to the ancestors of the latter day Pointer is we believe in line with the evidence. Lee agrees with Arkwright and pictorial evidence supplies the proof. Now, in view of the fact that the English dog was produced from the mixture of Spanish and French blood, certainly Arkwright is unreasonable when he expects such characteristics as the coat of two lengths, as shown by Reinagle and the bronze cheek markings as related by Sydenham Edwards in the Spanish breed to disappear. Even to this day we find a variation in coat and the bronze cheek marks persist (five in my kennel) and it is no indication of alien blood."

(Phillips pg 37) "The Spanish dogs as portrayed by every painter excepting possibly Stubbs showed the Spanish dogs whose coats were much heavier than that of the French breed. There are two excellent works of art copies of which are handed down to us showing this Spanish dog. One was done by Reinagle and was used to illustrate the article upon the breed in The Sportsman's Cabinet 1803. This picture is especially interesting because of Idstone's description: "He bore a close resemblance to the well known picture of the breed by Reinagle in which he is represented with a very heavy head and jowl, deep flews, sunken large eyes, and tremendous bone and muscle. This picture hands him down to us rough in the coat, though the profile of his body is not obscured by it---etc" The proof needed is in this much---rough in coat, heavy coat, but not long enough to obscure the profile."
"Probably the most popular portrait of the Spanish Pointer, but not necessarily the best, was done by Stubbs about 1768. This portrays a similar dog but smoother of coat. Both Vero Shaw and Arkwright used the Stubbs painting."

So what became of the Thornton dogs? They by and large ended up in Thomas Webb Edge's kennel, and he perpetuated what he acquired. The coat condition and color problem argued in this debate was apparently already set in strongly no matter who put it there, by the time it got to Edge of Strelly. We know that Major and Drake came from the Edge line, and Hamlet and Bounce from the Edge line, the rest is recorded. And most important we should bring the proof up to the present.

The best proof of Edge blood in our dogs today can be found in Cicely Robertshaw's booklet of the 1980's. Booklet #3, pages 40-43 is a fine dissertation on the importance of Garth's Drake in Pointer history in England. Cicely here traced each generation from Crookrise to Drake---Crookrise, Cravendale Crofter, Bellaport Broadcaster, Pennine Pilot, Pennine Paramount, Marlais Marksman, Ferndale Faro, Ferndale General, Ferndale Nero, Ferndale Wagg, Ferndale Naso, Ferndale Don II, Heather Tyrant, Heather James, Salmo,, Dunnings Torridge, Pilkington's Gough, Pilkington's Garnet, Pilkington's Tory, Garth's Drake. (there is POSSIBLY a Ferndale generation missing herein, for Cicely's list and Lola MacDonald Daley's list have that one small difference.)

So we know that with one dash of Crookrise in the background of today's American dogs, we go back to Edge, and even if we have dogs with no imports until back to the 40's and 30's we go back to Edge. Through the Imports and through our American Nat Field Champs which generated show dogs that carried on, we still go back to Edge. (See this line of descendance)

But the rest, before Edge, is left for all to contemplate. Study the writers and see what you come up with for the next writer to use.

Finally I have two pictures for you to look at the tri-colour markings in a hound. The first modern day English Foxhounds at a meet, and the second approximately 1800 when Colonel Thornton was mixing breeds to create a better short-haired pointing dog. Note the color potentials on these foxhounds, not all tri-colored. The orange and whites could have gone into the making of o/w pointers. Also note the dished faces on some. Look in C Bede Maxwell's book for picture of The Great White Hound of Queen Ann. With a couple hundred years of refining they could have looked like these with dished face, which means that the Great White Hound "Maxie" displays could have perhaps not been a true hound at all, but maybe the changes in language over 200 years could account for the fact that 400 years ago hound could have meant DOG.

Email Dorothy Johnson

 

(c) 1999 Rosenstreich Updated 26 May 2002