One Hundred
Years of US Intervention
by Zoltan Grossman
|
SOUTH DAKOTA |
1890 (-?) |
Troops |
300 Lakota Indians massacred at Wounded Knee. |
|
ARGENTINA |
1890 |
Troops |
Buenos Aires interests protected. |
|
CHILE |
1891 |
Troops |
Marines clash with nationalist rebels. |
|
HAITI |
1891 |
Troops |
Black revolt on Navassa defeated. |
|
IDAHO |
1892 |
Troops |
Army suppresses silver miners' strike. |
|
HAWAII |
1893 (-?) |
Naval, troops |
Independent kingdom overthrown, annexed. |
|
CHICAGO |
1894 |
Troops |
Breaking of rail strike, 34 killed. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1894 |
Troops |
Month-long occupation of Bluefields. |
|
CHINA |
1894-95 |
Naval, troops |
Marines land in Sino-Japanese War |
|
KOREA |
1894-96 |
Troops |
Marines kept in Seoul during war. |
|
PANAMA |
1895 |
Troops, naval |
Marines land in Colombian province. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1896 |
Troops |
Marines land in port of Corinto. |
|
CHINA |
1898-1900 |
Troops |
Boxer Rebellion fought by foreign armies. |
|
PHILIPPINES |
1898-1910 (-?) |
Naval, troops |
Seized from Spain, killed 600,000 Filipinos |
|
CUBA |
1898-1902 (-?) |
Naval, troops |
Seized from Spain, still hold Navy base. |
|
PUERTO RICO |
1898 (-?) |
Naval, troops |
Seized from Spain, occupation continues. |
|
GUAM |
1898 (-?) |
Naval, troops |
Seized from Spain, still use as base. |
|
MINNESOTA |
1898 (-?) |
Troops |
Army battles Chippewa at Leech Lake. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1898 |
Troops |
Marines land at port of San Juan del Sur. |
|
SAMOA |
1899 (-?) |
Troops |
Battle over succession to throne. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1899 |
Troops |
Marines land at port of Bluefields. |
|
IDAHO |
1899-1901 |
Troops |
Army occupies Coeur d'Alene mining region. |
|
OKLAHOMA |
1901 |
Troops |
Army battles Creek Indian revolt. |
|
PANAMA |
1901-14 |
Naval, troops |
Broke off from Colombia 1903, annexed Canal Zone
1914. |
|
HONDURAS |
1903 |
Troops |
Marines intervene in revolution. |
|
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC |
1903-04 |
Troops |
U.S. interests protected in Revolution. |
|
KOREA |
1904-05 |
Troops |
Marines land in Russo-Japanese War. |
|
CUBA |
1906-09 |
Troops |
Marines land in democratic election. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1907 |
Troops |
"Dollar Diplomacy" protectorate set up. |
|
HONDURAS |
1907 |
Troops |
Marines land during war with Nicaragua |
|
PANAMA |
1908 |
Troops |
Marines intervene in election contest. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1910 |
Troops |
Marines land in Bluefields and Corinto. |
|
HONDURAS |
1911 |
Troops |
U.S. interests protected in civil war. |
|
CHINA |
1911-41 |
Naval, troops |
Continuous occupation with flare-ups. |
|
CUBA |
1912 |
Troops |
U.S. interests protected in civil war. |
|
PANAMA |
1912 |
Troops |
Marines land during heated election. |
|
HONDURAS |
1912 |
Troops |
Marines protect U.S. economic interests. |
|
NICARAGUA |
1912-33 |
Troops, bombing |
10-year occupation, fought guerillas |
|
MEXICO |
1913 |
Naval |
Americans evacuated during revolution. |
|
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC |
1914 |
Naval |
Fight with rebels over Santo Domingo. |
|
COLORADO |
1914 |
Troops |
Breaking of miners' strike by Army. |
|
MEXICO |
1914-18 |
Naval, troops |
Series of interventions against nationalists. |
|
HAITI |
1914-34 |
Troops, bombing |
19-year occupation after revolts. |
|
DOMINICAN REPUBLIC |
1916-24 |
Troops |
8-year Marine occupation. |
|
CUBA |
1917-33 |
Troops |
Military occupation, economic protectorate. |
|
WORLD WAR I |
1917-18 |
naval, troops |
Ships sunk, fought Germany for 1 1/2 years. |
|
RUSSIA |
1918-22 |
Naval, troops |
Five landings to fight Bolsheviks |
|
PANAMA |
1918-20 |
Troops |
"Police duty" during unrest after elections.
|
|
HONDURAS |
1919 |
Troops |
Marines land during election campaign. |
|
YUGOSLAVIA |
1919 |
Troops/Marines |
intervene for Italy against Serbs in Dalmatia. |
|
GUATEMALA |
1920 |
Troops |
2-week intervention against unionists. |
|
WEST VIRGINIA |
1920-21 |
Troops, bombing |
Army intervenes against mineworkers. |
|
TURKEY |
1922 |
Troops |
Fought nationalists in Smyrna. |
|
CHINA |
1922-27 |
Naval, troops |
Deployment during nationalist revolt. |
|
HONDURAS |
1924-25 |
Troops |
Landed twice during election strife. |
|
PANAMA |
1925 |
Troops |
Marines suppress general strike. |
|
CHINA |
1927-34 |
Troops |
Marines stationed throughout the country. |
|
EL SALVADOR |
1932 |
Naval |
Warships send during Marti revolt. |
|
WASHINGTON DC |
1932 |
Troops |
Army stops WWI vet bonus protest. |
|
WORLD WAR II |
1941-45 |
Naval, troops, bombing, nuclear |
Hawaii bombed, fought Japan, Italy and Germany for
3 years; first nuclear war. |
|
DETROIT |
1943 |
Troops |
Army put down Black rebellion. |
|
IRAN |
1946 |
Nuclear threat |
Soviet troops told to leave north. |
|
YUGOSLAVIA |
1946 |
Nuclear threat, naval |
Response to shoot-down of US plane. |
|
URUGUAY |
1947 |
Nuclear threat |
Bombers deployed as show of strength. |
|
GREECE |
1947-49 |
Command operation |
U.S. directs extreme-right in civil war. |
|
GERMANY |
1948 |
Nuclear Threat |
Atomic-capable bombers guard Berlin Airlift. |
|
CHINA |
1948-49 |
Troops/Marines |
evacuate Americans before Communist victory. |
|
PHILIPPINES |
1948-54 |
Command operation |
CIA directs war against Huk Rebellion. |
|
PUERTO RICO |
1950 |
Command operation |
Independence rebellion crushed in Ponce. |
|
KOREA |
1951-53 (-?) |
Troops, naval, bombing , nuclear threats |
U.S./So. Korea fights China/No. Korea to stalemate;
A-bomb threat in 1950, and against China in 1953. Still have bases. |
|
IRAN |
1953 |
Command Operation |
CIA overthrows democracy, installs Shah. |
|
VIETNAM |
1954 |
Nuclear threat |
French offered bombs to use against seige. |
|
GUATEMALA |
1954 |
Command operation, bombing, nuclear threat |
CIA directs exile invasion after new gov't
nationalized U.S. company lands; bombers based in Nicaragua. |
|
EGYPT |
1956 |
Nuclear threat, troops |
Soviets told to keep out of Suez crisis; Marines
evacuate foreigners. |
|
LEBANON |
l958 |
Troops, naval |
Marine occupation against rebels. |
|
IRAQ |
1958 |
Nuclear threat |
Iraq warned against invading Kuwait. |
|
CHINA |
l958 |
Nuclear threat |
China told not to move on Taiwan isles. |
|
PANAMA |
1958 |
Troops |
Flag protests erupt into confrontation. |
|
VIETNAM |
l960-75 |
Troops, naval, bombing, nuclear threats |
Fought South Vietnam revolt & North Vietnam;
one million killed in longest U.S. war; atomic bomb threats in l968 and l969.
|
|
LAOS |
1962 |
Command operation |
Military build-up during guerrilla war. |
|
CUBA |
l961 |
Command operation |
CIA-directed exile invasion fails. |
|
GERMANY |
l961 |
Nuclear threat |
Alert during Berlin Wall crisis. |
|
CUBA |
l962 |
Nuclear threat, naval |
Blockade during missile crisis; near-war with
Soviet Union. |
|
PANAMA |
l964 |
Troops |
Panamanians shot for urging canal's return. |
|
INDONESIA |