Abraham: 68, 70, 76, 78; absurd faith of, 83
Absurd: belief by virtue of, 65, 89; certainty, 83; and nonsense, 106
Adler, Adolph P.: 19, 25, 80, 107
Aesthetic: principle of interpretation, 28; stage, 37; works, 26, 37, 40, 64, 74, 101, 103
Aesthetics: and ethics, 9, 13, 15, 80-82, 88, 103
Anxiety: 75-76; ethical, 81-82
Application: of Kierkegaard, 52; of language, 59-60, 62; of philosophy, 29; point of, for therapies, 105, 115; of Wittgenstein, 52, 60, 67, 100; is wrong picture, 52, 54. See also extension
Appropriate: continuation, 108, 120, 122; explanation, 64
Appropriation: 47, 66, 71, 87, 90, 95, 114-15, 122; existential, 101, 116; process, 109-10, 135n49; right and wrong, 99, 101, 116; subjective, 112, 113
Approximation-process: 109
Artificial intelligence: 58, 62, 133n18
Assembling reminders: 22, 33, 42, 130n34. See also methods
Audience: 4, 18, 39, 44, 70, 122; includes speaker, 104. See also listener, reader, speaker,
Aufgehoben: 45. See also transcendence
Authority: 80. See also without authority
Authorships: 6, 29, 30, 35, 94, 103-4; 'essential' and 'premise,' 80; and life, 21; religious, 33, 37, 73-74, 106, 107; unity of, 74
Bartley III, W. W.: 14, 124n3, 127n61
Becoming Christian: 26-27, 37, 40, 48, 49, 67, 70, 98; Kierkegaard's problem, 1, 4, 33
Behaviorism: 57
Being: 65
Belief: Christian, scientific, and superstitious, 90-92; everyday, 76; historical, 76, 84; as mental process, 46, 54; is obedience, 87; proof not cause of, 90; systems of, 61; and understanding, 65; Wittgenstein and Christian, 84, 86; well-founded, 85, 91. See also faith, passion
Believers: 60-61, 90-93; religious, 85, 89
Blunder. See mistake
Boundaries, conceptual, 120-21; of forms of life, 105; in language, 77-79, 113; transcending, 35, 77; and ugly ditch, 33. See also limits
Brown Book: 10
Causality: 90, 101, 102, 133n18; nexus of, 91, 102
Center: grasping at, 108-10. See also concentricity
Certainty: action with, 64; against anxiety, 64, 66, 82, 83, 114; source of, 96, 111; subjective, 109, 112, 119
Christ: imitation of, 68; as thief, 106
Christian: life, 70, 106; message, 19
Christian Discourses: 19
Christianity: as activity, 68-70, 92; appropriation of, 74, 83, 86-88, 90, 91; communication of, 83, 98; historical claims of, 84; point of, 31, 44, 46; prayer in, 106; spirit of, 80
Christians: by definition, 31, 33, 48; by earnestness, 68 [153]
Communication: of Christianity, 83, 98; existential, 98-99, 112. See also indirect communication
Concepts: communication of, 119, 121; historical development of, 50; not well founded, 91; religious, 86; words and, 62
Conceptual scheme: 3, 54, 60, 115, 123
Concluding Unscientific Postscript: 16, 18, 19, 35, 64, 68, 70, 74, 98, 103, 135n49; as parody of Hegel, 65-66; as philosophy, 37, 66-67
Conformity: of actions to words, 68, 70; objective, to truth, 114; objective, to rules, 123
Consequences: of actions, 66, 82, 83; conceptual, of ethics, 82; of forms of life, 112
Context: 45, 52, 56, 60, 68, 74, 81, 84, 122; appropriate, 50, 122; of a task, 98
Corrective: 3, 5, 6, 33, 42, 122; in Wittgenstein, 34
Culture and Value: 19, 73, 86, 95
Deeds: 67, 71; foundational, 60, 64; grammar of, 105; language as, 60, 62, 107; require doers, 34, 63-64, 134n38; words and, 69, 136n69, 141n26
Definitions, incomplete: 34, 59
Depth: 43-44. See also grammar
Dialectic, existential: 75
Dialectical: tension, 48, 89, 117; thought, 3, 70, 71
'Diary of the Seducer': 24, 37, 50, 64
Dissolution: 54, 93-95, 120, 121. See also solution
Doubt: 55-56, 60, 76; as grammatical misunderstanding, 87; inability to, 114; negation of, 112, 114
Edifying Discourses: 22, 24, 26, 30, 37, 48, 68, 103-4
Either/Or: 17-19, 24, 26, 62, 81, 88, 100, 103, 105, 109. See also 'Diary of the Seducer'
Epistemology: 52
Error: 56; starting with, 37. See also mistake
Essence: 108; and grammar, 78; of religion, 78, 86, 93
Ethical: dimension of life, 34, 111-14; stage, 103; teleological suspension of, 78; willing, 82
Ethics: 15, 39, 76-82, 92, 94, 96; absolute standard of, 81, 96; and aesthetics, 9, 13, 15, 80-82, 88, 103; is conceptual, 82; consequences of, 82; free acceptance of, 95; general, 52; normative, 113; in the Tractatus, 41
Examples:
Existentialism, and Kierkegaard, 2
Explanations: end somewhere, 56-57, 64, 71, 76, 89; limits of, 34, 52, 58
Extension (of Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein): 53, 72, 98-99, 122-23; authors' position on, 98; by family resemblance, 97; in the spirit, 98, 115; requires personal involvement, 98; through reduplication, 99-100
Facts: appropriation of, 93, 95, 110-11; foundational, 87; historical, 76, 84; [154] propositional, 61, 81; perspicuous connection of, 42, 47, 110, 120; as results, 110, 119
Faith: as action, 83, 93; and certainty, 66; everyday, 76, 111; 'how' of, 74, 114; leap of, 35, 103; as 'organ of the historical,' 87, 111; personal, 20, 74-75, 114; perspective of, 45, 95; and waxing of possibilities, 82-83. See also belief, passion
Family resemblance: 9, 31, 44, 86, 97, 104, 105, 133n18
Fear and Trembling: 24, 70, 82
Ficker, Ludwig von: 14, 38, 75
Fideism: 51, 65-66, 72, 78, 83, 84, 94, 121
Finitude, problem of: 6, 44, 90
Form of life: individual, 90; and language-games, 62-63, 64; meaning of, 58-60; not metaphysical, 59, 121; religion as, 87; scope of, 60, 87-88, 105, 115, 121, 134n30; as social, 53. See also language-games, worldviews
Frege, Gottlob: 38
Galtonian photograph: 10, 29, 36, 50, 53
Genius: 21, 26, 49, 80; and apostle, 26
God: love of, 69; as postulate, 90; proof of, 89-91, 95-96, 115; relation to, 82
Going further: 103, 110. See also remain standing
Going on: 44, 52, 61, 62, 86, 87, 102, 104, 108-10, 120, 123
Golden Bough: 38
Good will: 108-10, 123. See also spirit
Grammar: 43-46, 57, 59, 91, 92; deep and surface, 43, 44, 54-55, 57, 83, 89, 105; Gospel, 46; of love, 69; meaning of, 105, 131n56; not metaphysical, 57; physical, 46, 105; subject/predicate, 107; theology as, 59, 73, 79, 116
Grammatical: construction, 107; distinction, 36; misunderstanding, 43, 62-63, 87; reminders, 59, 69, 70 ,80; similarity, 55, 91; takes place of 'transcendental,' 79; task, 80
Grasping: 86, 87, 94; at center or periphery, 108-10; of usage, 3
Happy man: 82, 83, 95. See also Knight of Faith
Hermeneutics: 115-16
Hilmy, S. Steven: 58
Holding fast: 85-87, 92, 103, 121. See also standing fast
Holmer, Paul L.: 34-37
Hypertext: 51
Imitation of Christ: 68
Inclosing reserve: 23-26
Indirect communication: 36, 46-50, 65, 127n55; of art, 40; as common method, 2-4, 119; Kierkegaard's life as, 27; in Wittgenstein, 40-42. See also methods
Individual: 6, 29, 33, 47, 48, 52, 54, 57, 58, 63-64, 120, 121, 123; address to, 29, 52, 75, 103, 105; appropriation, 88-90, 113; biographical root of, 22, 24-25; instantiates language-games, 117; reader, 112-13; reduplication, 69-72, 116; responsible, 99; self, 49, 117; subjectivity, 111-17; task of, 114. See also methods
Infinite Resignation: 26
Intent: 59, 102; universal, 112-13
Intermediate links: 42, 44, 106
Interpretation: 63, 71, 96; biographical, 21-23, 28; of dreams and jokes, 50; of Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein, 52-54, 58-59, 63-65, 89; of phenomena, 45, 50, 81, 110, 111, 120; principle of, 52-53; of rules, 63-64; of traditions, 50, 61
Investigations: conceptual, 54, 58, 76, 82, 104, 105, 119, 120, 119-23; factual, 54, 55, 58, 76, 104, 119; historical, 61; psychological, 44, 101
Inwardness: is objectivity, 114; not properly hidden, 69, 136n62
Irony: 27, 33, 36, 40, 42-43, 49, 68
Jesus, historical existence of: 84
Job: 68
Jokes: interpretation of, 50; philosophy through, 43, 131n50
Judge for Yourselves!: 106
Justification: of attitude, 90; personal, 114; of use, 56, 60; of method, 70
Kierkegaard, Michael (Søren's father): 22-23; reference by Wittgenstein, 17
Kierkegaard, Søren: See also individual works
Knight of Faith: 82, 88, 103, 117, 128n72, 128n80, 136n69. See also happy man
Knowing: and being able, 42, 44, 46; factual, 108, 110, 115; grammar of, 44, 105; how and what, 99, 114; psychological reports of, 54-55
Kuhn, Thomas: 115
Language: action as test of, 68-70, 99, 117; as activity, 59, 62; bewitchment of thought by, 31; beyond, 76, 78, 79, 85; as cage, 76-78, 83, 88-89; as deed, 60, 105, 107, 141n25; everyday, 43, 65; learning, 38; limits of, 17, 34; logic of, 40; practices of, 54, 58, 105; private, 53-58; psychological, 55, 57; of religion, 93; transcendence of, 35, 41, 71, 77-78; Wittgenstein and, 1, 2; world and, 41
Language-games: action of playing, 62-63; as activity, 62, 117, 121; not metaphysical, 59, 62, 71, 88, 94, 121; not rule-governed, 62; not systematic, 59, 93; private language and, 55-58, 63; scope of, 58-62, 67, 88, 134n30; selection of, 96; as social, 53; transcendence in, 34-35; transition between, 63-64, 85, 113-14, 134n39, 139n76. See also form of life, worldviews
Leap of faith: 28, 35, 66, 78, 103, 114
'Lecture on Ethics': 9-10, 77-80, 85, 137n21
Lectures and Conversations on Aesthetics, Psychology and Religious Belief: 17, 73, 91
Lessing, Gotthold E.: 33, 41, 66, 93
Life: as communication, 26, 29, 49; as despair, 105, 117; everyday, 3, 11, 43-45, 55, 56, 83, 88, 92, 99, 135n49; fruits of, 29, 69, 70; reader's, 99, 113, 120; stream of thought and, 50, 60, 69; as task, 16-17, 28, 100, 110, 113, 117, 121; and works, 4, 6, 8, 9, 22, 24, 27-29, 74
Limits: of explanation, 52; of language, 17, 34, 66, 78, 88; not wrong, 109; of philosophy, 26, 27, 31, 34, 109; showing, 34-35; of the task, 3, 21, 31-34; of thought, 32, 67, 109; of the world, 77, 78. See also boundaries
Listener: appeal to, 37, 40-42, 47; role of, 99, 114. See also audience, reader
Logic: 76, 79, 130n39; of language, 40; place of, 38-41; suspension of, 78
Lowrie, Walter: 18, 20-22, 26, 127n55
MacIntyre, Alasdair: 61, 67, 70, 115, 117, 134n30
McKinnon, Alastair: 65
Malantschuk, Gregor: 48
Malcolm, Norman: 10, 11, 15, 16, 18, 28, 43
Meaning: as activity, 60; and context, 70, 111; not consensual, 60; in subject, 90; and usage, 122-23; is use, 50, 57, 133n16; of a word, 69-70, 84, 105, 106, 123
Mental: object, 55, 58, 102; process, 55-56, 62-63, 102, 105, 132n7; theater, 55
Metaphysics: error of, 54; grammar not, 57; infinite regress of, 110; of the Tractatus, 38, 76
Methods: cloud intentions, 55; congruity of, 2-4, 28-29, 70-72, 97; diversity of, 39, 97, 100, 101, 103, 104; heuristic, 63, 66, 121; innovation of, 97-98; of Kierkegaard, 2-4, 25, 64-65, 74; maieutic, 25, 40, 66, 67, 71, 75, 116, 121, 130n42, 136n62; of masks, 104, 118; of metamorphoses, 104; not systematic, 98, 102-4; of Nietzsche, 104; of present work, 4-6; reductive, 4, 50; synoptic, 103, 105, 107; used and recommended, 3, 31, 35-37, 44, 135n43; of Wittgenstein, 2-4, 9, 63, 101-3, 107-9, 124n1, 128n6. See also assembling reminders, indirect communication individual particular purpose reduplication suggestiveness task
Mirroring relation: 8, 16, 21, 37, 41, 76-77
Mistake: 86, 96; begin with, 37-38; category-, 76, 80, 93; incompleteness not, 34. See also error [156]
Monasticism, medieval: 68
Mystical: 31, 73, 77, 79, 82, 88, 94; experience, 25, 26, 79, 85, 128n70; life, 88, 93
Naming: of objects, 57, 59; private, 56
Nietzsche, Friedrich: 19, 104, 111, 114, 117, 139n84
Nonsense: and the absurd, 65-66, 106, 110; disguised and patent, 43; Tractatus as, 71
Objects: as foundational concept, 91, 93; grammar and, 79, 107; seeing of, 45-46; sensations not, 54, 57, 79
Olsen, Regine: 24, 25, 33, 48, 128n72
Paradox: essential, 110; scope of, 78-79, 88-89, 92, 121; of thought, 32, 34; transformation of, 45; uses of, 64-65, 67, 78. See also absolute paradox
Particular purpose: 4, 26, 33-34, 37-38; of Tractatus, 38-39. See also methods
Pascal, Blaise: 138n53
Passion: 19, 20, 32, 86, 111-14. See also belief, faith
Pattern: Christ as, 68; of interpretation, 5, 21, 30, 81, 95, 122; Job as, 68.
Personal involvement: 4, 5, 95, 98-99, 109, 112, 113, 123
Perspective: 28, 50, 93; of faith, 45, 67, 78, 82, 83, 95, 106; shift in, 43, 45, 82-83, 111, 115
Perspectivism: 115; not metaphysical, 111
Perspicuous presentation: 2, 42, 45, 47, 120
Philosophical Fragments: 17, 19, 37, 52, 65, 79, 103, 105, 111
Philosophical Investigations: 10, 31, 38, 44-47, 49, 51, 53-56, 59, 94, 105, 112, 130n39; purpose of, 47, 105; and religion, 73, 77-79; style of, 39, 49, 130n34; and the Tractatus, 32, 46, 79, 94, 130n44
Philosophical Remarks: 108
Philosophy: as activity, 11, 32, 62, 92, 117; analytic, 2, 77, 105, 107; desisting from, 94, 103, 109, 110, 112; irony in, 33; limited scope of, 31-34, 39, 42-43, 75, 78, 118; linguistic, 2, 60, 107; not a doctrine, 19, 32, 34, 41, 92; not an end, 100-1, 117; not foundational, 104-5; of physical science, 115; problems of, 42, 43, 46, 75; as recursive, 36-37; of religion, 95; as sickness, 42, 105; sub specie aeterni, 35; synoptic, 103, 105, 107; systematic, 52, 99, 101, 104, 109. See also methods
'Philosophy' (academic): 9, 12, 13, 15, 31, 52, 92
Picture: 91; appeal to, 87, 107, 116; application of, 45, 107
Picture theory: 76
Point of View for My Work as an Author, The: 21, 24, 26, 35-37, 40, 73, 74, 77
Pointing: 36, 65, 89, 100; to something, 76, 87, 88
Polanyi, Michael: 112, 114, 115
Polemics: 26, 27, 33, 34, 42, 46, 48, 50, 129n9
Positivism: 69, 111; logical, 54, 57, 69, 102, 108, 112, 117, 130n42, 132n3, 133n10; Wittgenstein and, 2
Private: diary, 55; language, 53-56, 60, 112; naming, 55-56
Private Language Argument: 53-58, 114; and public dimension, 60; textual limits of, 53
Problem: of the age, 33; of becoming Christian, 1, 48, 84, 99, 109; of evil, 95-96; existential, 6; of finitude, 90; particular, 33-34, 38-39, 52, 63-64, 70, 94, 95; philosophical, 42, 46, 56, 109; vanishing of, 64, 82-84, 95. See also task
Proof: as activity, 89-90; of eternal truths, 66; geometrical, 36, 74, 90, 102, 104; of God, 19, 41, 89-90, 95, 115; as justification of attitude, 90; seeing completeness of, 89; of the soul, 17
Propositions: analysis of (Tractatus), 107; clarification of, 32; as elucidations, 71; transcending, 41, 71
Protractatus: 10
Psychophysical parallelism: 58
'Quidam's Diary': 24
Rationality: criteria of, 61, 67; everyday, 65-66, 114
Reader: change in, 99, 106; finding, 39, 66; individual, 112-13; involved, 42, 98-99, 47, 51; of Kierkegaard, 22, 24; task of, 72, 119, 120. See also audience, listener
Reason: 121; limits of, 3, 78-79, 83, 102; and religion, 64-65, 76. See also understanding [157]
Reasons: not new facts, 44-46; come to an end, 58
Reduplication: in life, 87, 89, 99, 113-14, 120; in philosophy, 99, 100, 112, 113, 116; this work as, 4-5. See also methods
Reflection: 27, 47, 99. See also double reflection
Relation: to absolute telos and relative ends, 92, 120, 134n39; to God, 82, 109; self as, 116, 117
Relativising: of factual understanding, 108-9, 113, 114; of philosophy, 117, 118
Relativism: accusation of, 51, 61, 64, 72, 87-88, 121; problem of, 41, 58, 60, 64, 83, 96; of values, 41
Religion: as activity, 92; as beyond world, 78; demand for action in, 69-70; grammar of, 59, 86; and language, 77-78, 83, 85; and reason, 64-65, 76; results of, 68-70, 93; and science, 85, 86, 89, 92, 93
Religious: commitment, 62, 86, 87; conversion, 61, 63; stage, 42, 99, 103; task, 25-28
Religiousness: A, 26, 89; B, 128n72; paradoxical, 88; spontaneous, 89
Remain standing: 103, 110, 117
Remarks, grammatical: 59, 69, 107, 113, 116
Remarks on Frazer's 'Golden Bough': 37
Reminders: 2-3, 34, 43, 59, 60, 70, 79, 80, 81, 119. See also suggestiveness
Results: 4, 5, 32, 35, 93, 97, 106, 119
Rules: 59, 62-63, 67, 70, 83; following, 67, 70, 123; interpreting, 59, 63; theoretical, 108; in transition, 59
Russell, Bertrand: 9, 13, 16-17, 38
Saying: and showing, 2, 32, 34, 40, 41, 132n3. See also showing
Science: 91-93, 103; communication of, 40, 42, 47; magic as, 50; physical, 108, 115; roots of, 78; social, 60-64, 115, 117; teleological status of, 110; worldview of, 85-86, 122. See also understanding
Secular humanism: 66-67
Seeing: active, 34; of aspects, 45-46; in context, 50; as evaluation, 81, 110; the world, 71, 116, 117
Seeing aright: 39, 41, 71, 83, 93, 117, 123
Seeing-as: 43-45, 50, 60, 62, 66, 89. See also latency
Self: grounded in God, 48, 91; relational, 116, 117; transcendent, 77, 117
Sensation: 43, 55-57; uncertainty about, 55
Showing: 2, 4, 6, 67, 71; in Christianity, 68-70, 79, 91; ethical and logical, 34; in philosophy, 36, 40; and saying, 2, 32, 34, 40, 41; in the Tractatus, 32, 40, 41, 79
Sickness Unto Death: 48, 103, 105
Silence: 40
Simile: 36, 102; religion as failed, 77
Situation: 43-46, 67, 68, 70; existential, 35
Social: categories, 71; dimension, 54, 58, 114, 123; science, 60-64, 115, 117
Solution: 39, 40, 42, 45, 46, 90, 94; definitive, 5, 103. See also dissolution
Speaker: 4, 39, 68, 99, 104, 112. See also audience
Spirit: of Christianity, 80; conceptual, 122; new, of Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein, 5, 98-99, 108, 110, 115, 116; of Western science, 110, 117. See also good will
'Spy in a higher service': 22, 26, 27, 68
Stages of life: 64, 66, 67, 78, 88, 103, 112, 115, 121; not metaphysical, 94
Stages on Life's Way: 19, 24, 64, 66
Standing fast: 87, 92, 130n39. See also holding fast
Stonborough, Margarete: 14, 15, 19
Style: appropriate, 39, 40, 42; and content, 34-39, 44, 49; of Kierkegaard and Wittgenstein, 28, 30, 130n34; of life, 28; of philosophy, 10, 18, 50, 53, 97, 105, 118
Subject: individual, 51, 53, 54, 64, 76; experience of, 35, 40; not metaphysical, 116
Subjective: truth as, 33, 109, 114; appropriation, 87, 109, 112; thinker, 34, 45, 66, 116; interpretation, 110-11
Subjectivity: 54, 58, 64, 71; and objectivity, 74, 90; and subjectivism, 111-12; is truth, 114
Suggestiveness: 4, 6, 50, 59, 116; incompleteness as, 34. See also methods, reminders
System: crystalline, 46; existential, 35, 63; religion not, 83, 93; 'stages' as, 42, 64, 66; static, 60, 62-64; Tractatus as, 38-39 [158]
Task: 32-35, 46-50, 114-17, 119-22; biographical, 5, 8, 22, 27; of 'Book on Adler,' 80; Kierkegaard's, 4, 8, 23, 25, 27, 73, 75, 79, 80, 89, 101; life as, 16, 28, 98, 100, 116, 121; philosophical, 4, 100, 103, 116, 119; of present work, 4, 22, 27, 98, 115; Wittgenstein's, 6, 8, 75, 79, 103, 109, 128n80. See also methods, problem
Theodicy: 95-97
Theology: 112; extent of, 115; as grammar, 59, 73, 79; via negativa in, 129n29
Theories: as facts, 119; reifying, 52-53; as results, 78, 119, 120
Therapies: 3, 42, 52, 103-5, 106, 120; application of, 105, 115
Thomas Aquinas: 115
Through the Looking-Glass: 62, 63, 131n50
Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus: drafting of, 10, 13, 39, 49, 130n31, 141n36; ethics in, 41; and later works, 20, 30-32, 34-35, 46, 77, 79-80, 94, 101-3, 116, 120, 130n44; metaphysics of, 38, 76; as nonsense, 71, 130n42; purpose of, 38-41, 47, 51; showing in, 32, 40, 41, 79; as system, 38-39; view of religion, 75-77, 88
Training in Christianity: 19
Transcendence: of language, 41, 71, 77; philosophical and faithful, 35
Transcendental: 76, 78, 81; 'grammatical' replaces, 79; logic and ethics are, 41
Transitions: personal, 123; problems of, 85, 89, 92, 114; stress on, 3, 42-43, 50, 64
Truth: by appropriation-process, 109; by approximation-process, 109-10; dialectical, 99; as error, 139n84; Eternal Essential, 84, 109; of history, 41, 66; subjective, 33, 109, 114; for me, 112
Two Ages: 19
Understanding: mystical, 82; relativising of, 104, 108-11; and religion, 64-65, 70, 72, 78, 80; synoptic, 5, 42, 44-46, 81, 86, 89, 91, 95; theoretical, 3, 32, 39, 61, 67, 78, 85, 90, 93, 98-99, 104-5, 110, 113. See also reason
Usage: 2-3, 43, 45, 55-59, 69-70; meaning and, 122-23, 133n16
Vanishing of problems: 64, 82-84, 95
Verification: 55, 57, 69, 130n42
Waxing of the world: 82, 83, 117. See also perspective of faith
Well-foundedness: 66, 86, 91, 135n49
Will: 32, 87. See also good will
Without authority: 6, 22, 25-27, 29, 49, 50, 80, 138n26
Wittgenstein, Hermine: 11-14
Wittgenstein, Ludwig: See also individual works
Worldviews: relations between, 53, 85, 88, 94, 96; transitions between, 61, 111, 121. See also form of life, language-games